What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

• A. Ionic bond
• B. Covalent bond
• C. Metallic bond
• D. Hydrogen bond

Answer: (B)

A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electron pairs to achieve stability in their outer electron shells. This type of bond typically occurs between nonmetal atoms with similar electronegativities, allowing them to effectively share electrons rather than transfer them entirely from one atom to another. In covalent bonding, the shared electrons enable each atom to complete its valence shell, leading to a more stable configuration. For example, in a water molecule (H₂O), the oxygen atom shares electrons with the hydrogen atoms to form stable covalent bonds, resulting in a compound essential for life. The other types of bonds mentioned do not involve sharing electron pairs. Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Metallic bonds involve a "sea of electrons" that are shared among many atoms, rather than between just two. Hydrogen bonds are a form of weak attraction that occurs between molecules, rather than a true bond formed by sharing electrons.

A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electron pairs to achieve stability in their outer electron shells. This type of bond typically occurs between nonmetal atoms with similar electronegativities, allowing them to effectively share electrons rather than transfer them entirely from one atom to another.

In covalent bonding, the shared electrons enable each atom to complete its valence shell, leading to a more stable configuration. For example, in a water molecule (H₂O), the oxygen atom shares electrons with the hydrogen atoms to form stable covalent bonds, resulting in a compound essential for life.

The other types of bonds mentioned do not involve sharing electron pairs. Ionic bonds result from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Metallic bonds involve a "sea of electrons" that are shared among many atoms, rather than between just two. Hydrogen bonds are a form of weak attraction that occurs between molecules, rather than a true bond formed by sharing electrons.